*** All JAR Articles ***

Arts & Literature Posted on November 2, 2016October 25, 2016

Joseph Addison’s Cato: Liberty on the Stage

The study of ancient Greece and Rome was a significant part of upper class education in Colonial and Revolutionary America. The founders were familiar with spread of Greek democracy, the fall of the Roman Republic, concepts of citizenship, and the rise of tyrants and dictators. They drew cautionary lessons, particularly about the vulnerabilities of democracies […]

by Eric Sterner

Places Posted on November 1, 2016October 8, 2016

The ABC’s of the Valley Forge Encampment

Six months of struggle shaped into twenty-six characters. A – Arrival The Continental Army under Gen. George Washington trudged into Valley Forge on December 19, 1777. About 14,000 soldiers and hundreds of women and children came to this winter encampment, the third of the Revolutionary War. The army left Valley Forge six months later, on […]

by Nancy K. Loane

News Posted on October 31, 2016October 31, 2016

Drunk and Disorderly: The Dreadful Havoc of Spirituous Liquors

Drink does not drown care, but waters it, and makes it grow faster.[1] Valley Forge. For most Americans, the very name of the Pennsylvania winter encampment conjures up images of destitute soldiers woefully lacking the basic necessities of life: food, clothing, shelter. It would seem, however, that there was a good bit of liquor to […]

by Joshua Shepherd

Reviews Posted on October 26, 2016September 18, 2016

Hector Maclean: The Writings of a Loyalist-Era Military Settler in Nova Scotia

Book review: Hector Maclean: The Writings of a Loyalist-Era Military Settler in Nova Scotia by Jo Currie, Keith Mercer, John G. Reid (Gaspereau Press, 2015) [BUY NOW ON AMAZON] Recent scholarship has placed more focus on the plight of Loyalists who were displaced from their homes and livelihoods in the United States, and the struggles they […]

by Don N. Hagist

People Posted on October 25, 2016February 16, 2022

The Worthy but Troubled Continental Service of Capt. Barent J. Ten Eyck

With the clash of arms that began the American Revolution, Capt. Barent J. Ten Eyck, of the Albany County Militia, served as courier for the Committee of Safety, Correspondence, and Protection in Albany, NY. The first week of May 1775, the “worthy” Ten Eyck delivered a letter of solidarity to the Massachusetts Committee of Safety […]

by Philip D. Weaver

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on October 24, 2016September 18, 2016

Washington Heeds Jeney, Takes Trenton

Attacking at night, during a snowstorm: genius or folly? For Gen. Richard Montgomery at Quebec on December 31, 1775, it was a fatal disaster, but for Gen. George Washington at Trenton, New Jersey on December 26, 1776, it was a stroke of tactical brilliance that resulted in a complete and game-changing victory. There were many […]

by Don N. Hagist

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on October 21, 2016October 7, 2016

How Yorktown Almost Couldn’t Afford to Happen

Gen. George Washington, from the point of view of Americans being trapped at “York,”[1] wrote these prophetic words- These by being upon a narrow neck of land, would be in danger of being cut off. The enemy might very easily throw up a few ships into York and James’ river, as far as Queens Creek; […]

by John L. Smith, Jr.

Prewar Politics (<1775) Posted on October 20, 2016September 18, 2016

Election Fraud and Voter Suppression: 18th-century Style

There was certainly no love lost between two of the three Virginia gentlemen from Prince William County who stood for office in the county’s 1761 election for the House of Burgesses. Five years earlier, in 1756, Henry Peyton’s petition to the House of Burgess accusing Henry Lee II of electoral misconduct (specifically that “he had […]

by Michael Cecere

People Posted on October 19, 2016January 13, 2017

Hezekiah Munsell Goes to War with the Connecticut Militia

In the spring of 1841, a correspondent from the Hartford Courant went to East Windsor, Connecticut looking for an elderly man who was a bit of a local celebrity. The Courant, which had originated as a weekly newspaper in 1764, played a large influential role in affecting the opinions of many within Connecticut during the […]

by Matthew Reardon

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on October 18, 2016October 7, 2016

With Cornwallis to the Dan: Deconstructing the “Forbes Champagné Letter”

The American War of Independence produced many dramatic episodes, but none surpassed the campaign that Lt. Gen. Charles, Second Earl Cornwallis, conducted in North Carolina during the first three months of 1781 for hair-raising suspense and heartbreak. Things got off to a bad start for the British on January 17, 1781, at the Battle of […]

by Gregory J. W. Urwin

People Posted on October 17, 2016September 18, 2016

Continental Generals: Backgrounds and Fates

On the pages of the Journal of the American Revolution there have been articles on the best and worst generals of the Revolutionary War. It is not a question of the best or worst but rather how could a group of amateur generals leading a force of civilians abruptly turned into fighting men defeat a […]

by Jeff Dacus

Religion Posted on October 14, 2016October 18, 2016

Religious Liberty in Virginia: How “Dissenters” Parlayed Oppression into Freedom

Virginia’s role in helping to spearhead disestablishment and religious freedom has not received the treatment it deserves although it was, itself, a moving force behind Virginia’s entrée into the revolution. It was, in fact, Virginia which ultimately spearheaded and codified separation of church and state, after a reform movement which itself played a significant role […]

by Alex Colvin

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on October 13, 2016October 13, 2016

A New Eyewitness Account of Valcour Island Resolves the Pringle Controversy

The Battle of Valcour Island was, in many ways, a waterborne version of the Battle of Bunker Hill: a greatly superior British force rushed, with little forethought or planning, into a fight against Americans making a stand on ground (or water) of their choosing. After a long and bloody battle, the British drove the American […]

by C. E. Pippenger

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on October 12, 2016September 18, 2016

Skirmish at the Thomas House: America’s First Sniper Team?

Even under the strange, somewhat inept leadership of Loyalist Col. John Moore, the task of hampering Spartanburg’s Fair Forest role as a Patriot stronghold should have been straightforward. What could not have been known is what would happen when the frontier’s best sharpshooter teamed up with three lovely, most remarkable of women along with a […]

by Conner Runyan

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on October 11, 2016October 11, 2016

Recently Discovered Letters Shed New Light on the Battle of Valcour Island

In July 1776, two hundred and forty years ago this year, the Continental Congress signed the Declaration of Independence, declaring the United Colonies to be the United States. Three months later, on the waters of Lake Champlain, a naval battle took place that would, as much as any event in the war, make that declaration […]

by C. E. Pippenger

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on October 10, 2016October 7, 2016

Was the Revolutionary War in the south winnable by the British?

A re-evaluation from a British perspective in the light of The Cornwallis Papers Relying mostly on inferences drawn from my commentary in The Cornwallis Papers,[1] I shall seek to demonstrate that Britain’s grand strategy for reducing the southern colonies was at least in part sound and it may well have achieved a lasting measure of success […]

by Ian Saberton

Reviews Posted on October 7, 2016

George Washington’s Secret Spy War

Book review: George Washington’s Secret Spy War: The Making of America’s First Spymaster by John A. Nagy (St. Martin’s Press, September 2016) [BUY NOW ON AMAZON] Revolutionary War era spying has received a great deal of attention over the past decade. The “Culper Ring,” which provided George Washington with intelligence operating out of New York City […]

by Alec D. Rogers

Food & Lifestyle Posted on October 6, 2016October 17, 2016

The Truth About George Washington and Hemp

Did George Washington grow hemp? Yes. Hemp was a well-known, multi-purpose crop. Did George Washington smoke hemp? There’s absolutely zero evidence that he grew it or used it for recreational purposes. Now that we have the essentials out of the way, we can have a thoughtful look at this subject once and for all. In […]

by John L. Smith, Jr.

People Posted on October 5, 2016September 17, 2016

A Look at Lauzun in L’Expédition Particulière

Best known in this country for his role in the in the Yorktown Campaign of the American Revolution, the Duc de Lauzun (April 13, 1747 –December 31, 1793) has often been dismissed as a man who loved the ladies and grumbled about Rochambeau. Lauzun deserves a much closer look. He was a dedicated and (usually) […]

by Kim Burdick

Techniques & Tech Posted on October 4, 2016September 17, 2016

General Washington’s First Spy, and Why His Mission Was Doomed from the Start

On July 15, 1775, less than two weeks after he arrived in Cambridge, Massachusetts, to take command of the Continental Army, Gen. George Washington penned this entry in his expense notebook: To 333 1/3 Dollars give to —— ——* to enduce him to go into the Town of Boston; to establish a secret correspondence for […]

by J. L. Bell

Arts & Literature Posted on October 3, 2016September 17, 2016

Major André Popularizes Revolutionary Events

Historians today strive to interpret the past with a fresh, hip outlook. Long before there was talk about making history accessible and fun, Major John André of the British Army was chronicling events of the American Revolution in a style that provided mass market appeal. Affair of Honor Between the summers of 1777 and 1778, […]

by Michelle Porter

News Posted on September 30, 2016September 29, 2016

How Britain Tried to Intimidate Colonial Taxpayers into Compliance

The Fourth Amendment The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to […]

by Neal Nusholtz

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on September 28, 2016September 22, 2016

Why was the Revolutionary War in the south lost by the British?

A re-evaluation from a British perspective in the light of The Cornwallis Papers It was in 1975, when I was researching the American Revolution, that I came upon the Cornwallis papers in the UK National Archives. I was much surprised that, despite the passage of almost 200 years and the vast extent of literature on the […]

by Ian Saberton

Economics Posted on September 27, 2016September 17, 2016

The Dollar in Revolutionary America

“Pennies make dollars” is a phrase that has been around a long time and we all know what it means. But, how many pennies does it take to make a dollar? Silly question you may say—it’s one-hundred, of course. That’s the right answer for today’s America, but that would not necessarily be the right answer […]

by Michael Barbieri

People Posted on September 26, 2016September 15, 2016

The McKay Family’s Personal War on the Savannah River

By the end of the war, James McKay had earned quite a reputation for severity against the Loyalists. So much so that, even in Georgia, site of the most vicious private fighting, McKay was sanctioned for brutality. Even with the sanction, many of the people defended his actions as appropriate while others agreed the vengeful […]

by Wayne Lynch

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on September 22, 2016February 16, 2022

The 3rd New Jersey Regiment’s Mighty Dueling Frolic

Mr. Duncan McDougall, a merchant from German Flats area of New York’s Mohawk Valley, joined Capt. Joseph Bloomfield’s company of the 3rd New Jersey Regiment on June 27, 1776, as a volunteer (with the pseudo rank of “cadet”).[1] This was well into the campaign year, so he was walking into an already functioning unit. McDougall […]

by Philip D. Weaver

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on September 21, 2016September 27, 2016

York County Pennsylvania Militia 1777

Prior to the end of 1776, there was no militia or minuteman company established in Colonial Pennsylvania. The Provincial government was ruled by the Quakers under the William Penn family in Pennsylvania, since its land grant in the 1600’s. [1] The Quaker religion, being pacifist, would not allow a person to bear arms or provide […]

by Dennis Ness

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on September 20, 2016September 15, 2016

The Southern Expedition of 1776: The Best Kept Secret of the American Revolution

One of the most enjoyable aspects of researching the history of the American Revolution is the process of looking beneath and/or beyond those events and factoids that survive simply because they are a “given.” “Givens” are the greatest indicators of opportunities to search for missing pieces to any historical puzzle and new questions are the […]

by Roger Smith

People Posted on September 19, 2016September 19, 2016

Samuel Blachley Webb: Wethersfield’s Ablest Officer

Young Samuel Webb was a legend in his time, a hero of the American Revolution.[1] Some said he was “raised with three silver spoons” engraved with the initials of his three prominent Connecticut families (Webb, Deane, and Saltonstall). Others said he was a good friend, an active, gregarious, and literate young man who wrote engaging […]

by Phillip R. Giffin

People Posted on September 15, 2016September 11, 2016

Henry McCulloh: The Unknown Co-Architect of the Stamp Act

The Stamp Act of 1765 is closely associated with Lord George Grenville, First Lord of the Treasury and the Prime Minister of England. However, there were other members of the British Government who played a roll in the direct construction and enactment of the Act. Some of them were Charles Jenkinson, Senior Secretary of the […]

by Bob Ruppert

Reviews Posted on September 14, 2016August 26, 2016

“Most Blessed of the Patriarchs:” Thomas Jefferson and the Empire of Imagination

Book review: “Most Blessed of the Patriarchs:” Thomas Jefferson and the Empire of Imagination by Annette Gordon-Reed and Peter S. Onuf (Liveright Publishing Corporation, 2016). [BUY NOW ON AMAZON] Since the death of one of the Revolution’s foremost patriots and author of the Declaration of Independence, Americans have grappled with Thomas Jefferson’s legacy. Undoubtedly one […]

by Kelly Mielke

People Posted on September 13, 2016September 11, 2016

Revolutionary “Last Words”

The last, dying words of many of history’s renowned figures were often inconsistently recorded. Those identified below from people who were famous during the Revolutionary War time period certainly demonstrate that fact. While some can be relied upon for accuracy, the literature reveals that for others various additions and omissions took place over time, and […]

by Gary Shattuck

Places Posted on September 12, 2016September 19, 2016

Fort Pownal, Colonial Maine, 1775

In early morning fog on April 15, 1775, just days before the momentous clash at Lexington and Concord, two innocent-looking vessels appeared off Cape Jellison in Penobscot Bay a few hundred yards from Fort Pownal (present-day Stockton Springs, Maine). The fort’s gunner, Jonathan Lowder, looked out upon the waters and saw two schooners. They turned out […]

by Charles H. Lagerbom

Prewar Politics (<1775) Posted on September 8, 2016August 28, 2016

Manipulation of the Minutes of a Privy Council Meeting

On May 10, 1769 Parliament had voted to repeal all of the Townshend Acts except one – the tax on Tea. It was another four years before this law became a catalyst for open rebellion. Why was this Act left in place when the others were repealed? In the 1760s, the United Company of Merchants […]

by Bob Ruppert

Reviews Posted on September 7, 2016August 26, 2016

Fatal Sunday: George Washington, the Monmouth Campaign, and the Politics of Battle

Book review: Fatal Sunday: George Washington, the Monmouth Campaign, and the Politics of Battle, by Mark Edward Lender and Garry Wheeler Stone (University of Oklahoma Press, 2016). [BUY NOW ON AMAZON] The Battle of Monmouth, fought in New Jersey on June 28, 1778, between the American and British armies, has been the subject of several books, all […]

by Jim Piecuch

People Posted on September 6, 2016August 28, 2016

Captain John Peck Rathbun: As Audacious as John Paul Jones

John Paul Jones tends to overshadow the study of the American Revolution at sea. While his accolades are well deserved, Jones earned many of them with John Peck Rathbun at his side. An American-born merchant captain who joined the Continental Navy at its beginning, Rathbun’s exploits are as daring as Jones’s, but less well known. […]

by Eric Sterner

The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on September 5, 2016August 28, 2016

Why the British Lost the Battle of Sullivan’s Island

“What say you now, Sir Peter Parker!”[1] The high and mighty will sometimes do seemingly odd things in order to make a point. Like, for instance, having oneself rowed into a channel in front of Fort Moultrie to see if the water’s depth was sufficient to accommodate an attacking ship. The date was May 27, […]

by C. L. Bragg

Joseph Addison’s Cato: Liberty on the Stage

The ABC’s of the Valley Forge Encampment

Top Articles of October 2016

Drunk and Disorderly: The Dreadful Havoc of Spirituous Liquors

Hector Maclean: The Writings of a Loyalist-Era Military Settler in Nova Scotia

The Worthy but Troubled Continental Service of Capt. Barent J. Ten Eyck

Washington Heeds Jeney, Takes Trenton

How Yorktown Almost Couldn’t Afford to Happen

Election Fraud and Voter Suppression: 18th-century Style

Hezekiah Munsell Goes to War with the Connecticut Militia

With Cornwallis to the Dan: Deconstructing the “Forbes Champagné Letter”

Continental Generals: Backgrounds and Fates

Religious Liberty in Virginia: How “Dissenters” Parlayed Oppression into Freedom

A New Eyewitness Account of Valcour Island Resolves the Pringle Controversy

Skirmish at the Thomas House: America’s First Sniper Team?

Recently Discovered Letters Shed New Light on the Battle of Valcour Island

Was the Revolutionary War in the south winnable by the British?

George Washington’s Secret Spy War

The Truth About George Washington and Hemp

A Look at Lauzun in L’Expédition Particulière

General Washington’s First Spy, and Why His Mission Was Doomed from the Start

Major André Popularizes Revolutionary Events

Top 10 Articles of September 2016

How Britain Tried to Intimidate Colonial Taxpayers into Compliance

Why was the Revolutionary War in the south lost by the British?

The Dollar in Revolutionary America

The McKay Family’s Personal War on the Savannah River

The 3rd New Jersey Regiment’s Mighty Dueling Frolic

York County Pennsylvania Militia 1777

The Southern Expedition of 1776: The Best Kept Secret of the American Revolution

Samuel Blachley Webb: Wethersfield’s Ablest Officer

Henry McCulloh: The Unknown Co-Architect of the Stamp Act

“Most Blessed of the Patriarchs:” Thomas Jefferson and the Empire of Imagination

Revolutionary “Last Words”

Fort Pownal, Colonial Maine, 1775

Manipulation of the Minutes of a Privy Council Meeting

Fatal Sunday: George Washington, the Monmouth Campaign, and the Politics of Battle

Captain John Peck Rathbun: As Audacious as John Paul Jones

Why the British Lost the Battle of Sullivan’s Island