Year: 2025

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Postwar Politics (>1783) Posted on

“The Good Old Republican Cause”: Philip Freneau’s Principled Stand against the Shadow of Monarchy

Many Americans celebrated April 30, 1789, as a defining moment for the United States, a sort of political BC/AD demarcation point in the republic’s short history.[1] Once the initial jolt of national optimism and political unity induced by President George Washington’s first inauguration had worn off, however, the first administration took up the thankless business […]

by Shawn David McGhee
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The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on

Retribution in Pennsylvania: The 1780 British Counter-Offensive to the Sullivan-Clinton Campaign

“The Expedition of Genl Sullivan against the six nations seems by its effects to have exasperated than to have terrified or disabled them,” wrote Continental Congressman James Madison in June 1780.[1] This 1779 Patriot offensive, known as the Sullivan Campaign or the Sullivan-Clinton Campaign, was meant to teach the Loyalists and their Native American allies […]

by Andrew A. Zellers-Frederick
Interviews Posted on

This Week on Dispatches: G. Patrick O’Brien on the Cessation of Hostilities on the New York Frontier in 1783

On this week’s Dispatches, host Brady Crytzer interviews historian and JAR Contributor G. Patrick O’Brien on how the news of the end of the American Revolution was conveyed along the New York frontier in 1783. New episodes of Dispatches are available for free every Sunday evening(Eastern United States Time), first on iTunes, Stitcher, Google Play, […]

by Editors
The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on

Alexander Thompson and Declaring Peace in the Borderlands of Western New York, 1783

On April 17, 1783, a dispatch arrived at Fort Rensselaer along the western bank of the Mohawk River, around two miles northwest of modern Canajoharie, New York. The messenger carried directions from Gen. George Washington to send “an Officer To the British Garrison at Oswago To announce a Cessation of Hostilities on the frontiers of […]

by G. Patrick O'Brien
1
War at Sea and Waterways (1775–1783) Posted on

1778 Naval Strategy: French Actors and British Reactors

On February 6, 1778, the American colonies signed a Treaty of Amity and Commerce and a Treaty of Alliance with the country of France. The former treaty recognized the absolute sovereignty and independence of the colonies and established commercial rights in direct opposition to England’s Navigation Acts; the latter guaranteed financial and military support. On […]

by Bob Ruppert
Reviews Posted on

Enemies to Their Country: The Marblehead Addressers and Consensus in the American Revolution

BOOK REVIEW: Enemies to Their Country: The Marblehead Addressers and Consensus in the American Revolution by Nicholas W. Gentile. (Amherst and Boston, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, 2025) Paperback, $32.95. The first book by independent historian Nicholas W. Gentile brings to light an almost completely unknown incident that occurred in the coastal town of Marblehead, […]

by Timothy Symington
1
Critical Thinking Posted on

“We Will Cross at Ely’s Ford Today”: Is the Yorktown Campaign Historical Marker at the Right Location?

In the months prior to the Revolutionary War’s culminating siege at Yorktown and Gloucester Point, Virginia in 1781, the embattled Old Dominion was the scene of an intense campaign of maneuvers and raids. These operations pitted the young Maj. Gen. the Marquis de Lafayette, commanding a small, hard-pressed but determined American force, against Lt. Gen. […]

by John R. Maass
Interviews Posted on

This Week on Dispatches: Patrick H. Hannum on Col. William Woodford’s James River Crossing in 1775

On this week’s Dispatches, host Brady Crytzer interviews JAR Contributor Patrick H. Hannum about a little known, but important river crossing during the 1775 campaign in Virginia that eventually led to Royal Governor Lord Dunmore’s departure from the state. New episodes of Dispatches are available for free every Sunday evening(Eastern United States Time), first on […]

by Editors
The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on

General John Twiggs and the American Revolution

Georgia’s legendary John Twiggs had a distinguished public career during and after the American Revolution, but he left almost no other information about himself, as reflected in the extremely concise and brief text on his tombstone and obituary. The family descends from the Twiggs family of Devonshire, England, reportedly including Thomas Twiggs (died 1614) of […]

by Robert Scott Davis
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The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on

Francisco de Saavedra de Sangronis: A Spainard’s Pivotal Role in the Yorktown Triumph

Nowhere in the struggle that was the American Revolution was outside assistance more significant than at the siege of Yorktown during the autumn of 1781.[1] The French provided significant support from land troops, but it was the French Navy that really clinched the affair with their naval blockade that ultimately trapped the British army of […]

by Richard J. Werther
Interviews Posted on

This Week on Dispatches: Richard Gardiner on George Washington’s First Teacher

On this week’s Dispatches, host Brady Crytzer interviews JAR Contributor Richard Gardiner. For the last two centuries historians have speculated as to the identity of George Washington’s first teacher. Richard Gardiner provides compelling new evidence. New episodes of Dispatches are available for free every Sunday evening(Eastern United States Time), first on iTunes, Stitcher, Google Play, […]

by Editors
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The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on

The Loyalist Who Gave Birth to His Nightmare

As his London Packet approached the colonies in November 1774, Thomas Paine was not scanning for land. After turning northwards towards Philadelphia in Delaware Bay, the former privateer was not visualizing where, during the Seven Years War, French privateer ships awaited English prey within the folds of the eastern shore.[1] Stricken with typhus fever that […]

by Richard Briles Moriarty
The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on

“It is Incredible How Much They Dread a Rifle”: Col. William Woodford’s 1775 James River Crossing

River crossings during the American Revolution were common events. Historians, patriotic organizations and living history enthusiasts focus on several of these crossings with commemorations and reenactments. The most celebrated of all crossings is Washington’s Crossing of the Delaware on December 25, 1776. State parks, in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, recognize the crossing and events of […]

by Patrick H. Hannum
Reviews Posted on

Fighting for Philadelphia

BOOK REVIEW: Fighting for Philadelphia: Forts Mercer and Mifflin, the Battle of Whitemarsh, and the Road to Valley Forge, October 5-December 19, 1777 by Michael C. Harris (El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2025) When examining the 1777 Philadelphia campaign, historians often skip from the Battles of Brandywine and Germantown, in September and early October, […]

by Gene Procknow
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Historical Spotlight Posted on

Unraveling the Mystery of George Washington’s Earliest Teacher

George Washington’s childhood is a rather elusive historical research topic. It is not that there is a lack of stories, tales, and legends published about Washington’s early years, but the task of separating authentic information from widespread mythology has compelled judicious historians to exercise tremendous skepticism when offered an assertion about his youngest days. Much […]

by Richard Gardiner
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Education Posted on

Black Patriots of the American Revolution: A Guide for Teachers

Introduction As America enters its semiquincentennial year in 2026, there will be numerous celebrations and remembrances of the nation’s founding. The names George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Adams, Paul Revere, and others will ring familiar as patriots who drafted key documents such as the Declaration of Independence, rode across the countryside to alert […]

by Linda J. Rice
5
Critical Thinking Posted on

Tarleton at the Waxhaws: A Proposal for Reconciliation

The engagement between Abraham Buford and Banastre Tarleton at the Waxhaws has attracted controversy since it occurred. Buford has had supporters and detractors, just as students of the battle have exonerated or excoriated Tarleton. The problem has been that this kind of black-or-white determination suggests one side was entirely at fault, the other entirely blameless. […]

by Robert Ford
Interviews Posted on

This Week on Dispatches: Josh Wheeler on David Fanning’s Murderous Raid

On this week’s Dispatches, host Brady Crytzer interviews JAR Contributor Josh Wheeler on Loyalist David Fanning’s raid against Patriots in North Carolina after the British surrender at Yorktown. New episodes of Dispatches are available for free every Sunday evening(Eastern United States Time), first on iTunes, Stitcher, Google Play, Amazon Music, and the JAR Dispatches web site. Each […]

by Editors
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Religion Posted on

“In the Cause of American Liberty:” Catholic Contributions to Independence

Eighteenth-century America was predominantly Protestant, and the Thirteen Colonies suffered from a virulent strain of anti-Catholicism. Despite this, the mostly-Protestant Founding Fathers, while being greatly inspired by their Protestant English forebears, were greatly inspired by Catholic thinkers as well. The United States was not established as a Christian country, with American diplomats asserting in 1797: […]

by Raphael Corletta
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The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on

The Monmouth Campaign by the Numbers

A British cannonball decapitated James McNair, a Continental artillerist, at the Battle of Monmouth on June 28, 1778. Thomas Bliss, another American cannoneer, was captured that day. Col. John Durkee, commanding Varnum’s brigade, escaped death that Sunday but his right hand was permanently disabled from a wound received in the morning. Col. Henry Livingston, commanding […]

by Gary Ecelbarger
Education Posted on

Teaching About the Black Experience through Chains and The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing

Introduction It is estimated that over 25,000 Blacks served in the American Revolutionary War. Of these, 20,000, many who had escaped enslavement, served on the British side, largely due to Dunmore’s Proclamation that promised emancipation for “Negroes” who “joined his Majesty’s troops.”[1] An estimated 5,000 to 8,000 served on the American side, some as fighters, […]

by Linda J. Rice
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Autobiography and Biography Posted on

Joseph Warren, Sally Edwards, and Mercy Scollay: What is the True Story?

Joseph Warren was the embodiment of the American colonists’ struggle to secure their rights. In 1775 he was a widowed father of four young children and an esteemed Boston physician. He served as chairman of the Committee of Safety and president of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress. He authored the Suffolk Resolves, which was unanimously endorsed […]

by Janet Uhlar
Interviews Posted on

This Week on Dispatches: David Price on Abolitionist Lemuel Haynes

On this week’s Dispatches, host Brady Crytzer interviews author and JAR Contributor David Price on the life of Lemuel Haynes, clergyman and an abolitionist voice in the Revolutionary Era. New episodes of Dispatches are available for free every Sunday evening(Eastern United States Time), first on iTunes, Stitcher, Google Play, Amazon Music, and the JAR Dispatches web site. […]

by Editors
3
The War Years (1775-1783) Posted on

The 1779 Invasion of Iroquoia: Scorched Earth as Described by Continental Soldiers

Six indigenous nations in upstate New York—the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca and Tuscarora—were joined in an alliance for mutual protection. Known as the Haudenosaunee, which means people of the longhouse, or the misnomer Iroquois, at the beginning of the American Revolution they assured the upstart patriots that they would adopt a neutral stance and […]

by Victor J. DiSanto
Politics During the War (1775-1783) Posted on

That Audacious Paper: Jonathan Lind and Thomas Hutchinson Answer the Declaration of Independence

The Declaration of Independence is commonly revered in modern America as the aspirational apotheosis of political and social egalitarianism, although in 1776, among English Tories and American Loyalists, it held no such distinction. Indeed, in 1776, by both Tories and Loyalists, the Declaration was considered vacuous political propaganda and was typically treated with scorn, derision, […]

by David Otersen