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The Lonely Vigil of America’s First Diplomat
byAfter the French and Indian War, or the Seven Years War as it was known in Europe, Spain and France began to plan for…
Arthur Lee
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Insurrection and Speculation: A Farmer, Financier, and a Surprising “Sharper” Seeded the Constitution
byThe January 6, 2021 assault on the Capital rocked America, but it was by no means the largest, or even the most threatening, armed…
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King Frederick the Great and the American Colonies—Mit Complimenten Aweissen
byMit Complimenten Aweissen (put him off with compliments) Arthur Lee, one of the American Commissioners stationed in Paris, was appointed minister to the Prussian Court…
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King Frederick the Great and the American Colonies: The Preliminaries
byUpon the death of his grandfather on May 31, 1740, Frederick William II of the House of Hohenzollern became the King of Prussia. Over…
A Donkey, A Suit, and a Quixote for George Washington
byAt the beginning of March 1777, Arthur Lee, a delegate to the United States Congress, urgently requested to meet with the Marquis de Grimaldi,…
This Week on Dispatches: John DeLee on Policy Toward Native Americans During the Articles of Confederation Period
byOn this week’s Dispatches, host Brady Crytzer interviews USMA graduate and JAR contributor John DeLee on how the policy toward Indigenous Americans changed during…
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Shifting American Indian Policy during the Articles of Confederation Era
byWhile the Articles of Confederation are often viewed as a failed attempt at governing the newly independent United States, this period did provide for…
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The First Efforts to Limit the African Slave Trade Arise in the American Revolution: Part 3 of 3, Congress Bans the African Slave Trade
byIn October 1774, in a stunning and radical move, delegates of the First Continental Congress signed a pledge for the thirteen mainland colonies not…
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The First Efforts to Limit the African Slave Trade Arise in the American Revolution: Part 2 of 3, The Middle and Southern Colonies
byThe first article of this series discussed the increasing chorus of American Patriots in New England raising their voices against the African slave trade….
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Information Operations: The Provincial Congress Shapes the Narrative in Great Britain
byThe efforts of the American Provincial Congress at the beginning of the revolutionary war against Great Britain offer the perfect case study to understand…
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Strange Bedfellows: Adams and Franklin as Diplomatic Duo
byClose the window. No, leave the window open. Cold night air can be toxic to one’s health. No, what’s truly toxic is stifled, fetid…
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The “Hynson Business”—The Story of a Double Agent
byWars have a way of creating strange alliances, and the American Revolution was no exception. I encountered one such unusual relationship while researching my…
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The First Countries to Diplomatically Recognize the United States
by“Diplomacy is seduction in guise …”, whispered Benjamin Franklin to his fellow commissioner John Adams. “One improves with practice.” Although the quote isn’t real…
The Three Documents that brought France into the War
byIn the spring of 1775, Arthur Lee, the American agent in London, attended a dinner party at the home of John Wilkes, an outspoken…