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Yellow Fever and Church Attendance
John Adams was certain he made a mistake by going to church. Philadelphia’s yellow fever outbreak only ended in November 1793. On Sunday, December…
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What Killed Prisoners of War?—A Medical Investigation
Editor’s Note: This article contains graphic medical descriptions. Throughout the Revolutionary War, prisoners learned that dysentery accompanied starvation. Confined to the prison ship Jersey in…
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The Yellow Fever Outbreak of 1793: Nine Observations and Lessons
“I often thought that the situation of a people in a bombarded city, was not much worse, and on some accounts not so bad;…
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America’s Revolution Against Toleration: The Rise of True Religious Liberty
In 1793, a widely circulated American editorial observed, “A few years ago, to say of any man that he was ‘a friend to toleration,’…
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“Under God:” Understanding its Revolutionary Usage
The words “under God” have been part of America’s fabric since its inception; any school child will recognize the words in the Pledge of…
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1776—The Horror Show
The British Army held New York City from 1776 to November 25, 1783. In prisoner exchanges, royal forces in New York periodically released prisoners…