Brothers Mourn the Death of Captain Thomas Moultrie

Thomas Moultrie was one of five sons of a successful South Carolina planter. He served in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War as a captain of the 2nd South Carolina Regiment. He was killed on April 24, 1780, during a dramatic dawn sortie from the besieged city of Charleston. His heroic death was in vain, for the American garrison surrendered the city fifteen days later, one of the Continental army’s worst defeats.

The most famous of Thomas Moultrie’s brothers was William, who played an important role in defending Charleston the first time it was attacked, in 1776, and later became a governor of South Carolina. Another brother, John, took a very different path when war broke out in America, choosing to oppose the rebellion and support the British government. He became a loyalist government official in British-held St. Augustine, Florida. After John learned of Thomas’s death, he penned an emotional letter on July 8, 1780, to his Patriot brother Alexander.[1] His words shed light on the sentiments of siblings separated by political oaths of allegiance between the two warring nations. He began by expressing his sorrow for a long lapse of communication:

Dear Brother,
You are my brother, altho’ that name formerly to me & always to the greatest part of the Mankind involving solid consolation & joy has to me for five long years been a term of reproach and real sorrow. How unhappy & sad must that man be who dares not ask a blessing on the most publick & interesting endeavours of his brothers, but on the contrary with deep sorrow & concern pray to the Almighty to confound all their devices. But I hope as this is the fifth year, it is the fifth & last Act of the most dismal & bloody tragedy I ever saw.

John went on to reveal much about his loyalist sentiments, essentially telling Alexander that regardless of what he felt towards his dead brother, he was unable to speak well of the cause Thomas died fighting for, for he had died fighting for the American rebellion:

Alas, poor Tom, I loved him. Indignation & anger have often arisen up in me for the hurt he took, but his unfortunate death has expel’d it all. ‘Tis turned into real concern, & ‘tis accumulated by what you seem to exult in, that he died great & honorable in the arms of victory. Had he died fighting in any other cause or against any other enemy I would have bene of your opinion; shou’d have had some consolation in his fall; ‘twould have then been honourable. I would have given testimony & remember’d him with honour. Now I can only remember him with concern and affection, allow that he died spiritedly & valiantly, but not in the arms of Victory by any means.

John Moultrie went on to discuss the reason for Thomas Moultrie’s death, or at least what he claimed the cause of his brother’s death to be. According to John, Thomas had told him he had joined the war on the side of the Americans because his friends had all joined, and not out of a personal belief in the cause. It is evident in the tone and style of writing that John believed this to be true. John also expressed confidence that their parents, who had passed away before the war, were in blissful eternal ignorance of the split that occurred within the family, loyalist versus patriot, as a direct result of the war.

I’m afraid poor Tom was desperate; I cannot help thinking so; I cannot help pitying him. I know that he went into the rebellion against his principle & will. I talk’d with him, you know, just before he join’d. I have his letter after his accepting his commission, excusing himself to me, declaring his only reason for joining was that he could not withstand the importunity of his friends, and that he might be no more teized & have a little quiet. But alas, unfortunately his resolution & steadiness (of which I know he had good stock) for once fail’d him, for once in an evil & unguarded hour feail’d him, he was seduced, he err’d, he fell, & now sleeps with his good old father & mother whom heaven thought proper to take away from scenes that must have wrung their hearts & sent them sorrowing to their graves, which (bless’d be God) they went down to in peace, & happy in the prospect of peace & happiness which we have spoil’d.

John concluded the discussion of his dead brother by telling Alexander how he had once blamed him for Thomas’s death, but now wished for his well being:

Tho’ I blamed you [for our brother’s death], I yet should rejoice to see you right & happy. You have given me an opportunity of speaking freely to you. I will do it; I ought to do it. I would not say or do anything that would give any man or living creature, much less you, unnecessary any pain.

The rest of the letter was about mundane family matters. At its close, John wrote, “I am your affectionate but distressed brother, John Moultrie.”

This letter reveals how the Revolutionary War divided families; these brothers had ceased all contact for five long years because of conflicting political ideological beliefs. For the remainder of the war, the surviving brothers would remain steadfast in their allegiance to their respective countries signifying a split in familial relations that would never again be the same.

[1]John Moultrie to Alexander Moultrie, July 8, 1780, M.C.B. Gubbins, transcriber, transcripts and abstracts of Moultrie family papers, 1746-1965, South Carolina Historical Society. All subsequent material is from this letter.